Run TestNG. You can find a quick example on the Welcome page. The concepts used in this documentation are as follows: A suite is represented by one XML file. A test method is a Java method annotated by Test in your source. The rest of this manual will explain the following: A list of all the annotations with a brief explanation. This will give you an idea of the various functionalities offered by TestNG but you will probably want to consult the section dedicated to each of these annotations to learn the details.
A description of the testng. A detailed list of the various features and how to use them with a combination of annotations and testng. Annotations Here is a quick overview of the annotations available in TestNG along with their attributes. AfterSuite: The annotated method will be run after all tests in this suite have run.
BeforeGroups : The list of groups that this configuration method will run before. This method is guaranteed to run shortly before the first test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked. AfterGroups : The list of groups that this configuration method will run after. This method is guaranteed to run shortly after the last test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked.
BeforeClass : The annotated method will be run before the first test method in the current class is invoked. AfterClass : The annotated method will be run after all the test methods in the current class have been run. BeforeMethod : The annotated method will be run before each test method. AfterMethod : The annotated method will be run after each test method. Behaviour of annotations in superclass of a TestNG class.
The annotations above will also be honored inherited when placed on a superclass of a TestNG class. This is useful for example to centralize test setup for multiple test classes in a common superclass. In that case, TestNG guarantees that the " Before" methods are executed in inheritance order highest superclass first, then going down the inheritance chain , and the " After" methods in reverse order going up the inheritance chain.
This section describes the format of testng. The current DTD for testng. You can also define new groups inside testng. If you want the classes and methods listed in this file to be run in an unpredictable order, set the preserve-order attribute to false testng. TestNG testng1. Additionally, the following command-line switches are available:. This documentation can be obtained by invoking TestNG without any arguments.
TestNG testng. If this property is set, TestNG will use it to look for your test classes instead of the class path. This is convenient if you are using the package tag in your XML file and you have a lot of classes in your classpath, most of them not being test classes.
Example: java org. TestNG -groups windows,linux -testclass org. MyTest The ant task and testng. Important : The command line flags that specify what tests should be run will be ignored if you also specify a testng.
Methods annotated with Test that happen to return a value will be ignored, unless you set allow-return-values to true in your testng. Not only can you declare that methods belong to groups, but you can also specify groups that contain other groups. Then TestNG can be invoked and asked to include a certain set of groups or regular expressions while excluding another set. This gives you maximum flexibility in how you partition your tests and doesn't require you to recompile anything if you want to run two different sets of tests back to back.
Groups are specified in your testng. For example, it is quite common to have at least two categories of tests. A simple way to solve this problem is to create a group called "broken" and make these test methods belong to it. Test methods don't have to be parameterless. You can use an arbitrary number of parameters on each of your test method, and you instruct TestNG to pass you the correct parameters with the Parameters annotation.
There are two ways to set these parameters: with testng. The Parameters annotation can be placed at the following locations:. Notes: The XML parameters are mapped to the Java parameters in the same order as they are found in the annotation, and TestNG will issue an error if the numbers don't match.
Parameters are scoped. In testng. This is convenient if you need to specify a parameter applicable to all your tests and override its value only for certain tests. Specifying parameters in testng. In this case, you can use a Data Provider to supply the values you need to test. A Data Provider is a method on your class that returns an array of array of objects.
By default, the data provider will be looked for in the current test class or one of its base classes. If you want to put your data provider in a different class, it needs to be a static method or a class with a non-arg constructor, and you specify the class where it can be found in the dataProviderClass attribute: StaticProvider.
TestNG will use the test context for the injection. The Data Provider method can return one of the following types: An array of array of objects Object[][] where the first dimension's size is the number of times the test method will be invoked and the second dimension size contains an array of objects that must be compatible with the parameter types of the test method.
This is the case illustrated by the example above. The only difference with Object[][] is that an Iterator lets you create your test data lazily. TestNG will invoke the iterator and then the test method with the parameters returned by this iterator one by one. This is particularly useful if you have a lot of parameter sets to pass to the method and you don't want to create all of them upfront.
An array of objects Object[]. Lazy alternative of Object[]. Causes the test method to be invoked once for each element of the iterator. The only limitation is that in case of iterator its parameter type can't be explicitly parametrized itself.
Method as first parameter, TestNG will pass the current test method for this first parameter. This is particularly useful when several test methods use the same DataProvider and you want it to return different values depending on which test method it is supplying data for. Parallel data providers running from an XML file share the same pool of threads, which has a size of 10 by default.
If you want to run a few specific data providers in a different thread pool, you need to run them from a different XML file. Here is an example:. Sometimes, you need your test methods to be invoked in a certain order.
Here are a few examples: To make sure a certain number of test methods have completed and succeeded before running more test methods. Dependencies with annotations You can use the attributes dependsOnMethods or dependsOnGroups , found on the Test annotation.
In this example, method1 is declared as depending on method serverStartedOk , which guarantees that serverStartedOk will always be invoked first. In this example, method1 is declared as depending on any group matching the regular expression "init.
Note: as stated before, the order of invocation for methods that belong in the same group is not guaranteed to be the same across test runs.
Skipped methods will be reported as such in the final report in a color that is neither red nor green in HTML , which is important since skipped methods are not necessarily failures. Both dependsOnGroups and dependsOnMethods accept regular expressions as parameters. For dependsOnMethods , if you are depending on a method which happens to have several overloaded versions, all the overloaded methods will be invoked. If you only want to invoke one of the overloaded methods, you should use dependsOnGroups.
For a more advanced example of dependent methods, please refer to this article , which uses inheritance to provide an elegant solution to the problem of multiple dependencies. This behavior might not be desirable in certain scenarios, such as for example testing a sign in and sign out of a web browser for various countries. In such a case, you would like the following ordering: signIn "us" signOut "us" signIn "uk" signOut "uk" For this ordering, you can use the XML attribute group-by-instances.
Factories Factories allow you to create tests dynamically. For example, imagine you want to create a test method that will access a page on a Web site several times, and you want to invoke it with different values: TestWebServer. Or, if building a test suite instance programatically, you can add the factory in the same manner as for tests:. The objects returned can be of any class not necessarily the same class as the factory class and they don't even need to contain TestNG annotations in which case they will be ignored by TestNG.
Factories can also be used with data providers, and you can leverage this functionality by putting the Factory annotation either on a regular method or on a constructor. Class level annotations The Test annotation can be put on a class instead of a test method: Test1.
You can still repeat the Test annotation on a method if you want to add certain attributes. For example: Test1. Ignoring tests TestNG lets you ignore all the Test methods : In a class or In a particular package or In a package and all of its child packages using the new annotation Ignore. Here's a sample that shows how to ignore all tests within a class. Ignore; import org. When Ignore is placed on a class, all the tests in that class will be disabled.
Additionally, the attribute thread-count allows you to specify how many threads should be allocated for this execution. Note: the Test attribute timeOut works in both parallel and non-parallel mode. Note that testng-failed. Similarly, you can invoke TestNG on a testng. In order to do this, you can use the classes found the package org. Each of these classes correspond to their XML tag counterpart.
Child" ; test. In order to achieve this, you need to use an Annotation Transformer. TestNG -listener MyTransformer testng. When the method transform is invoked, you can call any of the setters on the ITest test parameter to alter its value before TestNG proceeds further.
Method Interceptors Once TestNG has calculated in what order the test methods will be invoked, these methods are split in two groups: Methods run sequentially. These are all the test methods that have dependencies or dependents. These methods will be run in a specific order. Methods run in no particular order. These are all the methods that don't belong in the first category.
The order in which these test methods are run is random and can vary from one run to the next although by default, TestNG will try to group test methods by class. Your intercept method is expected to return a similar list of IMethodInstance , which can be either of the following: The same list you received in parameter but in a different order.
A smaller list of IMethodInstance objects. A bigger list of IMethodInstance objects. Once you have defined your interceptor, you pass it to TestNG as a listener.
For example: Shell java -classpath "testng-jdk TestNG -listener test. NullMethodInterceptor -testclass test. FooTest For the equivalent ant syntax, see the listeners attribute in the ant documentation. These interfaces are broadly called "TestNG Listeners". Using the Listeners annotation on any of your test classes. Using ServiceLoader. Specifying listeners with testng. The reason is that these listeners need to be known very early in the process so that TestNG can use them to rewrite your annotations, therefore you need to specify these listeners in your testng.
Note that the Listeners annotation will apply to your entire suite file, just as if you had specified it in a testng. If you want to restrict its scope for example, only running on the current class , the code in your listener could first check the test method that's about to run and decide what to do then. Here's how it can be done. First define a new custom annotation that can be used to specify this restriction: Retention RetentionPolicy.
With ServiceLoader, all you need to do is create a jar file that contains your listener s and a few configuration files, put that jar file on the classpath when you run TestNG and TestNG will automatically find them. Here is a concrete example of how it works. Let's start by creating a listener any TestNG listener should work : package test. ITestNGListener , which will name the implementation s you want for this interface.
ITestNGListener test. TestNG testng-single. Dependency injection TestNG supports two different kinds of dependency injection: native performed by TestNG itself and external performed by a dependency injection framework such as Guice. Native dependency injection TestNG lets you declare additional parameters in your methods.
When this happens, TestNG will automatically fill these parameters with the right value. Dependency injection can be used in the following places: Any Before method or Test method can declare a parameter of type ITestContext. Any AfterMethod method can declare a parameter of type ITestResult , which will reflect the result of the test method that was just run.
Any BeforeMethod and AfterMethod can declare a parameter of type java. This parameter will receive the test method that will be called once this BeforeMethod finishes or after the method as run for AfterMethod. Any BeforeMethod can declare a parameter of type Object[]. This parameter will receive the list of parameters that are about to be fed to the upcoming test method, which could be either injected by TestNG, such as java.
Method or come from a DataProvider. The latter parameter will receive the test method that is about to be invoked. Your createModule method should return a Guice Module that will know how to instantiate this test class. You can use the test context to find out more information about your environment, such as parameters specified in testng. You will get even more flexibility and Guice power with parent-module and guice-stage suite parameters.
Here is how you can define parent-module in your test. Will also use this module for obtaining instances of test specific Guice modules and module factories, then will create child injector for each test class. With such approach you can declare all common bindings in parent-module also you can inject binding declared in parent-module in module and module factory. Here is an example of this functionality: package com. Then MyContext is injected using constructor injection into TestModule class, which also declare binding for MySession.
Listening to method invocations The listener IInvokedMethodListener allows you to be notified whenever TestNG is about to invoke a test annotated with Test or configuration annotated with any of the Before or After annotation method. Overriding test methods TestNG allows you to override and possibly skip the invocation of test methods. One example of where this is useful is if you need to your test methods with a specific security manager. You achieve this by providing a listener that implements IHookable.
A classic example for this would be to try and leverage your existing suite file and try using it for simulating a load test on your "Application under test". But this doesn't seem to scale a lot. TestNG allows you to alter a suite or a test tag in your suite xml file at runtime via listeners. You achieve this by providing a listener that implements IAlterSuiteListener. Please refer to Listeners section to learn about listeners.
Through a Service Loader This listener cannot be added to execution using the Listeners annotation. Test results Success, failure and assert A test is considered successful if it completed without throwing any exception or if it threw an exception that was expected see the documentation for the expectedExceptions attribute found on the Test annotation. Your test methods will typically be made of calls that can throw an exception, or of various assertions using the Java "assert" keyword.
An "assert" failing will trigger an AssertionErrorException, which in turn will mark the method as failed remember to use -ea on the JVM if you are not seeing the assertion errors. Note that the above code use a static import in order to be able to use the assertEquals method without having to prefix it by its class.
However, this time you must see the TestNG option in the available software list. After that, check " TestNG " and click Next. Click Next to install the TestNG dependencies that eclipse calculates by itself. After that, accept the terms of the license agreement then click Finish. You may or may not encounter a Security warning. Click Install Anyway if you do. After that, click " Restart Now " to restart the eclipse and finish the installation setup. Finally, after the restart, verify if TestNG installed successfully.
Right-click on your project and see if TestNG displays in the opened menu. If everything has happened as stated in this post, congratulations! You have TestNG now installed on your system. Intellij requires dependencies to be downloaded externally or through a direct link if it is a Maven Project. TestNG Jar is very easy to install. Open the TestNG Jar link in the search results. Select the latest release version that you see. I will use 7. Select the " jar " link to download the TestNG jar onto your local system.
It will download the TestNG jar file in your system. Now we need to add this jar to IntelliJ so that we can use it in our TestNG tests later in the tutorial. Open Modules panel. Go to the dependencies tab. Write the path where you downloaded the jar file or navigate directly through the GUI and click Okay.
It was all in the installing section, and honestly, it was quite easy. It is totally up to you what IDE you want to go ahead with as there is not so much difference between the two. Conclusively, from the next tutorial onwards, we will try some hands-on exercises with TestNG test cases in Eclipse. Table of Contents. TestNG Tutorial.
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